Conditional IF … THENIn logic, a conditional is a compound statement formed by combining two sentences (or facts) using the words “if … then.” A conditional can also be called an implication.The truth values for a conditional (implication) are hard to r…

Perpendiculars from a Point On the Line and from a Point Off the LinePerpendicular – lines (or segments) which meet to form right angles.Perpendicular from a point ON a lineGiven: Point P is on a given line Task: Construct a line through P perpendicula…

Intuitive Notion of TranslationsA translation “slides” an object a fixed distance in a given direction. The original object and its translation have the same shape and size, and they face in the same direction. The word “translate” in Latin means “carri…

Reflection in a PointA point reflection exists when a figure is built around a single point called the center of the figure, or point of reflection. For every point in the figure, there is another point found directly opposite it on the other side of the…

PrismsPrisms are three-dimensional closed surfaces. A prism has two parallel faces, called bases, that are congruent polygons. The lateral faces are rectangles in a right prism, or parallelograms in an oblique prism. In a right prism, the joining edges…

How do you Calculate Median of Grouped Frequency DistributionMedian of Grouped Frequency Distribution Median = ℓ + \(\frac{{\frac{N}{2} – C}}{f}\,\, \times \,\,h\) where, ℓ = lower limit of median class interval C = cumulative frequency preceding to the …

How do you find the Surface Area and Volume of a CubeIf the length of each edge of a cube is ‘a’ units, then Total surface area of the cube = 6a2  sq. units.Lateral surface area = 4a2Volume of the cube = a3 cubic unitsDiagonal of the cube = a units.Lengt…

How do you find the Surface Area and Volume of a CuboidIf ℓ, b and h denote respectively the length, breadth and height of a cuboid, then Total surface area of the cuboid = 2 (ℓb + bh + ℓh) square units.Volume of the cuboid = Area of the base × height = …

Define Probability and How do you find the Probability of an EventWords ‘chance’ probably, or most probably etc. shows uncertainty in our statements. The uncertainity of ‘probably’ etc. can be measured numerically by means of ‘probability‘. Trial and Eve…

How are Bar Graphs and Histograms RelatedHistogramA histogram is a graphical representation of frequency distribution in the form of rectangle with class interval as the bases and heights proportional to corresponding frequency. There is no gap between …