What is a Sentence?
A sentence is a group of words that contains at least one subject and one predicate and makes complete sense.
Note: a sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.
Example: A good businessman maintains good relations with his customer. Sometimes the subject may be absent or implied.
Example: Thank you. (I thank you )
Sentences can be categorized into four types:
- A sentence that is a statement or assertion and ends with a period, is called Declarative Sentence.
- A sentence that gives directions or Command and ends with a period is called Imperative Sentence.
- A sentence that asks question and ends with a question mark, is called Interrogative Sentence.
- A sentence that shows strong emotion and ends with an exclamation mark, is called Exclamatory Sentence.
Sentences Exercises for Class 9 ICSE with Answers
Looking for an easy way to Learning of English Grammar Exercises for Class 9 ICSE. You have to learn basic English Grammer topics like Tenses, Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other.
What is a Phrase?
A group of words without a subject or a verb, making no complete sense is called a phrase.
Example: In a corner, at home, turning away.
What is a Clause?
A part of a sentence which has its own subject and a predicate is known as a clause.
Example: He is sad because he failed the exam.
This sentence has two parts:
(a) He is sad.
(b) because he failed the exam.
Both these are parts of a sentence and both have their own subject and predicate. Thus they are called clauses.
Synthesis of Sentences
Synthesis of sentences means combination of a number of simple sentences into one new sentence. That new sentence might be either simple sentence or a compound sentence or a complex sentence.
Simple Sentence
A Simple sentence contains a subject and a predicate. It expresses a complete thought. –
Example: The boys went to the park.
Compound Sentence
A Compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses. These clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction.
Example: The boys went to the park, but they did not go to the zoo.
Complex Sentence
A Complex sentence contains one or more dependent clauses and at least one independent clause. In addition to the subject and a verb a subordinating conjunction or a similar word is also present. Examples of subordinating conjunctions are Although, Whereas, Whoever, etc.
Example: The boys did not go to the zoo because they went to the park.
Combining two or more Simple Sentences into one Simple Sentence.
1. By using a Participle:
Examples:
A. He jumped up. He ran away.
Jumping up, he ran away.
B. He was tired of play. He sat down to rest.
Tired of play, he sat down to rest.
2. By using a noun or a phrase in apposition:
Examples:
A. This is my friend. His name is Rama.
This is my friend Rama.
B. I spent two days in London. It is one of the most attractive places in England.
I spent two days in London, one of the most attractive places in England.
C. Buddhism was founded 2500 years ago. It is one of the greatest religions.
Buddhism, one of the greatest religions, was founded 2500 years ago.
3. By using a preposition with noun or gerund:
Examples:
A. The moon rose. Their journey was not ended.
The moon rose before their journey ended.
B. He has failed many times. He still hopes to win.
Having failed for many times, he still hopes to win.
4. By using, Nominative Absolute Construction:
Examples:
A. The soldiers arrived. The mob dispersed.
The soldiers having arrived, the mob dispersed.
B. The town was enclosed by strong wall. The enemy was unable to capture it.
The town having been enclosed by strong wall, the enemy was unable to capture it.
5. By using an infinitive:
Examples:
A. I have some duties. I must perform them.
I have some duties to perform.
B. We must finish this exercise. There are still three sentences.
We still have three sentences in this exercise to finish.
6. By using an Adverb or an Adverbial Phrase:
Examples:
A. He deserved to succeed. He failed.
He failed undeservedly.
B. The sun set. The boys had not finished the game.
The boys had not finished the game by sunset.
Combination of two or more Simple Sentences into one Compound Sentence.
A Compound Sentence has two or more coordinate clauses. It can be formed only with the help of coordinating conjunctions. There are four Coordinating Conjunctions-Cumulative, Adversative, Alternative, Illative Conjunctions.
1. Cumulative Conjunction (and, not … and, not only …but also, as well as, etc.)
These conjunctions add one statement to another.
Examples:
A. Tushar got up. He went to the market.
Tushar got up and went to the market.
B. He had many friends. He also had several enemies.
Not only had he many friends but also several enemies.
C. Tom passed the test. John also passed the test.
Tom as well as John passed the test.
2. Adversative Conjunctions (but, yet, whereas, nevertheless, however etc.)
These conjunctions are used when contrasting statements have to be joined together.
Examples:
A. He is intelligent. He is lazy.
He is intelligent but he is lazy.
B. He is rich. He is miserable.
He is rich, yet miserable.
C. Dhruv is ambitious. His brother is quite the reverse.
Dhruv is ambitious whereas his brother is quite the reverse.
D. There was little hope of success. They decided to perform the operation.
There was little hope of success, nevertheless they decided to perform the operation.
3. Alternative Conjunctions (or, either… or, nor, neither… nor, otherwise, else etc.)
These conjunctions are used when two alternative facts or statements have to be presented.
Examples:
A. You can have tea. You can have coffee.
You can have tea or coffee.
B. He is a fool. He is a madman.
He is either a fool or a madman.
C. He doesn’t smoke. He doesn’t drink.
He neither smokes nor drinks.
D. You must apologize. You will be punished.
You must apologize, otherwise you will be punished.
4. Illative Conjunctions (therefore, for, so etc.)
These are used when an inference from another statement or fact has to be made.
Examples:
A. He must be asleep. The lights are off.
He must be asleep for the lights are off.
B. He has been working hard. He will pass.
He has been working hard therefore he will pass.
Combination of two or more Simple Sentences to form a single Complex Sentence.
1. Subordinate Clause as a Noun Clause:
In the following examples, the Subordinate Clause is a Noun Clause.
Examples:
A. You are drunk. That aggravates your offense.
That you are drunk aggravates your offense.
B. He will be late. That is certain.
It is certain that he will be late.
C. You are repentant. I will not forget it.
I will not forget that you are repentant.
D. He may be innocent. I do not know.
I do not know whether he is innocent.
2. Subordinate Clause as an Adjective Clause:
In the following examples, the Subordinate Clause is an Adjective Clause.
Examples:
A. I met an old man. he was very weak.
I met an old man who was very weak.
B. She keeps her ornaments in a safe. That is safety-locker.
The place where she keeps her ornaments is safety-locker.
C. I saw a car. It was blue in colour.
I saw a car which was blue in colour.
3. Subordinate Clause as an Adverb Clause:
Examples:
A. Indira Gandhi died in 1984. Rajiv Gandhi, thereafter, became the Prime Minister of India.
When Indira Gandhi died in 1984, Rajiv Gandhi became the Prime Minister of India.
B. I waited for my friend. I waited till his arrival.
I waited for my friend until he arrived.
C. He fled somewhere. His pursuers could not follow him.
He fled where his pursuers could not follow him.
D. Tell me the truth I shall pardon you.
I shall pardon you if you tell me the truth.
Sentences Worksheets
1. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into a simple sentence.
- He won a jackpot. He built a big mansion.
- He stood on tip-toe. He reached for the bunch of grapes.
- He is going to London. He wants to pursue higher education there.
- Milton was the Homer of England. He wrote Paradise Lost.
- Patel was a strong man. He brought all the Princely States into the Indian Union. He used the method of persuasion. Sometimes he used the method of coercion.
- Gandhi was a great visionary. He realized the danger of communal conflicts. He sacrificed his life to bring about unity.
2. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into Compound Sentences.
- The cowboy had made millions of dollars. He had also lost them all.
- One day he walked into my office. He had a contract in his hand.
- The spot was bigger. She could see it from far.
- India sheltered Dalai Lama. His life would have been in danger.
- Exercise wasn’t something you took. It was something you got.
3. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into Complex Sentences.
- School was over. It was a celebration.
- She read Anne’s diary. She was moved to write to Otto.
- We were both watching the tape for the first time. I didn’t anticipate the commentator’s story.
- We all respect him.We cannot express that in public.
- You can make friends in two months. Become interested in other people.