Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Reproductive Health

Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Reproductive Health are part of Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Questions and Answers. Here we have given Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Reproductive Health.

Kerala Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Reproductive Health

Plus Two Zoology Reproductive Health One Mark Questions and Answers

Question 1.
“Saheli” contraceptive oral pill was developed at:
(a) Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi
(b) CDRI, Lucknow
(c) NEERI, Nagpur
(d) Department of Molecular Biology, Hyderabad
Answer:
(b) CDRI, Lucknow

Question 2.
Most accepted method of contraception in India is:
(a) Use of condoms
(b) Taking oral pills
(c) UseoflUDs
(d) Surgical method
Answer:
(c) Use of lUDs

Question 3.
Select the sexually-transmitted disease:
(a) Syphilis
(b) Hepatitis-B
(c) Genital herpes
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) Genital herpes

Question 4.
In IVF technique, fusion of ovum and sperm occurs in:
(a) Fallopian tube
(b) Uterus
(c) Vagina
(d) Culture medium
Answer:
(d) Culture medium

Question 5.
Genital herpes is a non-curable STP even if detected earlier. Name two other non-curable STDs.
Answer:
Hepatitis-B, AIDS

Question 6.
Identify the relationship between first and second word, find out the fourth one.

1. Termination of pregnancy: MTP
   Insemination into uterus:………..
2. LNG 20: Hormone releasing IUD
   Lippes loop:……….

Answer:

1. IUI
2. Non medicated IUD

Question 7.
Name two barrier methods used in contraception.
Answer:
Condom (male/female) and Cervical cap

Question 8.
Progestasert is a hormone-releasing IUD. Identify another hormone-releasing IUD.
Answer:
LNG 20

Question 9.
Genital herpes is a non-curable STP even if detected earlier. Name two other non-curable STDs.
Answer:
Hepatitis-B, AIDS.

Question 10.
Identify the method in which sperm is directly injected into the ovum for the formation of embryo,
(a) Al
(b) IUT
(c) ICSI
(d) ET
Answer:
(c) ICSI

Question 11.
Certain techniques are used to assist infertile couples to produce children.

1. Name the technique used to assist infertile couples.
2. Give two examples for this type of technique which is used to address male infertility.

Answer:

1. IVF (Test tube baby), Al, ZIFT, GIFT, IUI, ICSI

2. Technique which is used to address male infertility:

• Al
• IUI

Question 12.
A female cannot produce ovum, but can provide suitable environment for fertilization and further development. Suggest the ART which is more suitable for the lady.
Answer:
GIFT

Question 13.
After IVF, the embryo is transferred either to fallopian tube or to uterus. Name the ET method used when the embryo has not reached eight celled stage.
Answer:
ZIFT

Plus Two Zoology Reproductive Health Two Mark Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Syphilis, Gonorrhea are the common STDs. Suggest two methods to prevent the infection of the disease.
Answer:

• Avoid sex with unknown partner/ multiple partners
• Always use condoms during coitus.

Question 2.
Do you think that contraceptive measures should be encouraged? Explain your opinion with reason.
Answer:
Yes, because

1. contraceptives motivate smaller families
2. check population explosion
3. prevent unwanted pregnancies
4. help to space children.

Question 3.
A list of contraceptive methods are given. Categorise them into natural, barrier, IUDS, Oral contraceptives, Surgical. Condoms, Coitus interruptus, Diaphragms, Vasectomy, CopperT, Pills, Lactational Amenorrhea, Loop, Tubectomy, Cervical caps, Cu 7, Periodic Abstinence.
Answer:

Question 4.
A couple who had no kids for several years consulted a doctor. After continuous diagnosis, the Doctor advised hormonal treatment for the lady.

1. Name the hormone, which is deficient in the lady.
2. State how this hormone helps the lady to become pregnant.

Answer:

1. LH/FSH/Progesterone
2. FSH helps for the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles. LH helps for ovulation. Progesterone maintains pregnancy.

Question 5.
Given below are four methods and their modes of action in achieving contraception. Match the following.

1. Pill – Prevents sperm reaching cervix
2. Condom – Prevents implantation
3. Vasectomy – Prevents ovulation
4. Copper T – Semen contain no sperm

Answer:

1. Pill – Prevents ovulation
2. Condom – Prevents sperm reaching cervix
3. Vasectomy – Semen contain no sperm
4. Copper T – Prevents implantation

Question 6.
Observe the relationship between the first two words and fill up the blanks.

1. HIV – ELISA test; Typhoid – ________
2. Male – Vasectomy; Female -_______

Answer:

1. Widal test
2. Tubectomy

Question 7.

1. How do the oral pills help in birth control?
2. Name common pills use.

Answer:

1. They are used in the form of tablets which contain progesterone and estrogen. Pills have to be taken daily for a period of 21 days starting within the first five days of menstrual cycle. They inhibit ovulation and implantation.

2. Common pills

• Mala D
• Saheli

Question 8.
Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.
Answer:
Yes, the use is justified.
Population in India is increasing at a very fast rate. To overcome this problem and to have small family, the use of contraceptive could be the best option.

Question 9.
Tubectomy is a method of female sterilization. How is it surgical procedure helps in female sterility?
Answer:
In tubectomy, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed ortied up through a small incision, so that no ovum can be transported to uterus, thus preventing pregnancy.

Question 10.

1. Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years?
2. If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.

Answer:

1. Yes, programmes like family planning and reproductive and child health care have been successfully launched.

2. Now more people are aware about the advantages of small family and are accepting two children norm, some such areas of improvement are massive child immunization, increasing the use of contraceptives, family planning etc.

Question 11.
A mother of one-year-old daughter wanted to space her second child. Her doctor suggested CuT. Explain its contraceptive actions.
Answer:
CuT release Cu²⁺ ions which suppress sperm motility. Increases Phagocytosis of sperms and reduces their fertilizing capacity.

Question 12.

1. Name the hormonal composition of the oral contraceptive used by human females.
2. Explain how does it act as a contraceptive?

Answer:

1. Pills contain progesteron – estrogen combination.
2. They inhibit ovulation and implantation.

Question 13.
A couple who visited an infertility clinic realised that the lady can not produce an ovum but conceive provide suitable environment and deliver a child. Doctor suggested ‘ART’ for them. Suggest the most suitable ART technique for this couple. Write the reason for suggesting the method.
Answer:
GIFT-(Gamete Intra fallopian transfer). Here transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of the female, who can not produce ovum.

Or IVF, where Ova from donor and husband’s sperms are induced to form zygote in the laboratory, then transfer into the wife’s uterus/oviduct.

Question 14.
Contraceptive methods are used to block unwanted pregnancies. What are the qualities of an ideal contraceptive?
Answer:
User-friendly, low cost, easily available, reversible, less side effects. Do not interfere sexual act or sexual drive.

Question 15.
Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic test. Now a days it is widely misused as a test for determining the sex of the foetus. The misuse of the test for foetal sex determination is legally banned today. As a plus two biology student give your comments on the issue.
Answer:
Primary objective is prenatal diagnosis of Genetic disorders. However, it used widely for foetal Sex determination leading to female foeticide

Question 16.
The permanent methods of contraception are more effective’ in contraception than any temporary methods.

1. Identify two permanent methods of contraception.
2. Mention the demerits of permanent method.

Answer:

1. Vasectomy and Jubectomy

2. demerits of permanent method:

• Irreversible method
• require hospitalisation

Question 17.
Government of India legalized MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse.

1. Define MTP.
2. Suggest the possibilities to legally perform MTP.

Answer:

1. Medical termination of pregnancy

2. Suggest the possibilities to legally perform MTP:

• In conditions of poor maternal health.
• To avoid unintended pregnancies
• unprotected sex or failure of contraceptives lead to unintended pregnancies.

Question 18.
Diseases or infections which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called STDs.

1. Suggest two methods to prevent STD.
2. Name two examples for STD.

Answer:

1. Suggest two methods to prevent STD:

• Avoid sex with unknown persons
• use condom
• if doubt go to a qualified doctor for early detection.

2. Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Genital herpes, Chlamydiasis, Genital wart, Trichomoniasis, Hepatitis-B and AIDS.

Question 19.
Population explosion is major problem facing India.

1. Justify the statement with reasons
2. Suggest any two relevant measures to control overpopulation.

Answer:

1. Population explosion is the major single cause behind Poverty and increase competition.
2. Family planning method. Natural method or IUD or use of contraceptives or raising of marriageable age.

Question 20.
AIDS can be transmitted through sexual contact.

1. Expand AIDS.
2. Suggest any two other methods by which humans could be affected with AIDs.

Answer:

1. Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
2. Blood transfution, Infected mother to foetus or intravenous drug injection.

Question 21.
On clinical examination, it is found that a pregnant lady carrying a defective foetus.

1. Suggest a technique used to get rid of the defective foetus.
2. Name anyone demerit found associated with the suggested technique.

Answer:
1. MTP (Medical termination of pregnancy.
2. Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is a procedure that is carried out under anaesthesias increases the risk for the procedure. There are high chances of patient having recurrent abortions or may be negatively used to kill female foeticide.

Question 22.
In India, reproductive health care has been improving because of new and effective policies taken up by the health department. Name two programmes launched by Govt, of India to attain reproductive health among the people.
Answer:
Family planning Reproductive & child health care programmes (RCH)

Question 23.
CuT is a contraceptive device.

1. Suggest the contraceptive action of CuT.
2. Name two hormone-releasing lUDs.

Answer:

1. Prevent sperm motility. Or Phagocytosis of sperm
2. Progestasert, LNG 20

Plus Two Zoology Reproductive Health Three Mark Questions and Answers

Question 1.
A newly married couple wants temporary birth control measures for six months.

1. Which contraceptive is ideal for them?
2. What are the features one would find in an ideal contraceptive?
3. What is the advantages and disadvantages of natural methods?

Answer:

1. Condoms/oral contraceptive pills
2. It must be user-friendly, easily available, effective and reversible with nor or lease side effect and in no way interfere with sexual drive.
3. The advantage of natural methods is that there is no side effects. But the chances of failure is high.

Question 2.
Notice shown in front of recognised scanning centres says ‘Sex determination is illegal’.

1. Name the method of sex determination in the early stages other than scanning.
2. What is the advantage of this technique?
3. How people misuse it?

Answer:

1. Amniocentesis.
2. It is a foetal sex determination test based on chromosomal pattern in the amniotic fluid. It helps to know the chromosomal abnormalities in advance.
3. Sex determination sometimes leads to the killing of female foetus.

Question 3.
Match the items in column A with those of column B.

Answer:

Question 4.
A 9-year-old girl accidentally consumes contraceptive pills regularly for 2 months.
(Hint: Contraceptive pills contains estrogen)

1. What type of change you expect in the body of the girl?
2. How it affects her reproductive development?
3. Do you think the stoppage of the pills will reverse the system? If so, give details.

Answer:

1. The girl begins to exhibit female secondary sexual characters.
2. Overall physiological processes involved in reproduction increases.
3. If she attains puberty during this stage, the system will continue, otherwise, it may be reverse the system.

Question 5.
Match the following.

Answer:

Question 6.
Infertility cases are increasing nowadays. These couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques called ART.

1. What is ART?
2. Name two methods in ART.
3. Why IVF is called a test-tube baby?

Answer:
1. Assisted reproductive technique.

2. two methods in ART:

• GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer)
• ZIFT (Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer)
• IVF (Invitro fertilization)
• ICSI (Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection)
• IVI (Intra Uterine Insemination)

3. In IVF, ova from the donor and sperm from the male donor are collected and induced to form zygote under stimulated conditions in the laboratory.

Question 7.
The incidences of STDs are high among persons in the age group of 15-24 years:

1. What is STD?
2. Name some common STDs (Any four).
3. What are the principles you have follow to prevent it?

Answer:

1. Sexually transmitted diseases.

2. Gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, hepatitis B, AIDS, genital warts, trichomoniasis (any four)

3. principles you have follow to prevent it:

• Avoid sex with unknown partners/multiple partners.
• Always use condoms during coitus.
• In case of doubt, go for early detection and get complete treatment if diagnosed with disease.

Question 8.
Different type of contraceptives are available. A couple wants to space children after their first child.

1. What is the ideal contraceptives suggested for female to delay pregnancy or space children?
2. Name the surgical sterilization methods adopted to prevent any more pregnancies.
3. What is the action of Cu ion releasing contraceptives?

Answer:

1. IUDs (Intra Uterine Devices) like CopperT, Lipper Loop, Cu 7 etc.
2. Vasectomy for male and Tubectomy for female.
3. Cu ions released within the uterus suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms.

Question 9.
Nearly 45 to 50 million MTPs are performed in a year all over the world which accounts to 1/5th of the total number of conceived pregnancies in a year.

1. What is MTP?
2. What is the actual aim of it?
3. Which period of pregnancy is safe for MTP?

Answer:
1. Medical Termination of Pregnancy or induced abortion.

2. The aim of MTP is to get rid of unwanted pregnancies either due to casual unprotected intercourse or failure of contraceptives used during coitus. It is essential, when continuation of pregnancy could be harmful or fatal to mother or foetus or both.

3. MTPs are relatively safe during the first trimester.

Question 10.
In India, often females are blamed for the couple being childless.

1. Do you agree with the statement? Why?
2. How a male, who cannot inseminate the female could be corrected?
3. How IUI is conducted?

Answer:

1. There is equal chances for a male or a female partners to cause infertility.
2. Artificial insemination
3. The semen collected from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced into the uterus of female is called Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI).

Question 11.
Match Column A with Column B and Column C.

Answer:

Plus Two Zoology Reproductive Health NCERT Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Suggest the aspect of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.
Answer:
Control on overpopulation through programmes like family planning and Reproductive and child health care (RCH).

Creating awareness among the people about various aspects such as STDs, available birth control methods, postnatal care of mother and child, adolescence and related changes, sex education, etc.

Question 2.
Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?
Answer:
Yes. It will provide right information about sexto the children. Such education will also discourage children from believing in myth and misconception about sex related aspects.

Question 3.
Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.
Answer:
Yes, the programmes like family planning and reproductive and child health care have been successfully launched.

Now more people are aware about the advantages of small family and are accepting two children norm. Some such areas of improvement are massive child immunization, increasing use of contraceptives, family planning etc.

Question 4.
What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?
Answer:

1. Decline in death rate, maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate.
2. Increase in number of people in reproductive age.
3. Control of diseases
4. Better public health care and greater medical attention.

Question 5.
Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.
Answer:
Yes, the use is justified. Population in India is increasing at a very fast rate. To overcome this problem and to have small family,

Question 6.
Anniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.
Answer:
In India, Amniocentesis was banned under prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Act which was enforced in 1994. According to this Act, all the genetic counseling centres and laboratories are required to apply for registration.

It was must because the technique was being misused. Mothers started even get their normal foetus aborted if it was a female. So this Act is aimed to legally check increasing female foeticide which is causing an unfavourable sex ratio.

Question 7.
Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
Answer:
Infertile couples may be helped to have children by the following techniques:
Technique

1. In-vitro-fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technique:
ZIFT (Zygote intrafallopian transfer); Ovum of female and sperms of male are induced to form zygote in a culture medium and then embryo is transferred in the female for further developments.

It is of two types: Embryo is transferred in the fallopian tube of female at the stage of 8 blastomeres. IUT (Intra-uterine transfer); Embryo is transferred in the uterus at 32-celled stage

2. GIFT (Gamete intrafallopian transfer):
Transfer of an ovum of a female into fallopian tube of another female for fertilization by sperms of former’s husband.

3. ICSI (Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection):
Sperm of male is directly injected into ovum of female.

4. Al (Artificial insemination):
Sperms of husband (AIH) or a donor male are artificially introduced into the vagina or uterus of the female.

Question 8.
Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?
Answer:
It is because an ideal contraceptive should be

1. user-friendly
2. with no or least side effect
3. should not interfere with sexual drive, desire and the sexual act of the user.

When gonads are removed, the basic function of reproductive system such as secretion of hormones and gamete production is not possible.

Plus Two Zoology Reproductive Health Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Rapid decline in population due to high mortality rate is called:
(a) Population density
(b) Population crash
(c) Population explosion
(d) All of these
Answer:
(b) Population crash

Question 2.
Pre-natal defects in the foetus can be detected by:
(a) Laparoscopy
(b) Genetic engineering
(c) MRI
(d) Aminocentesis
Answer:
(d) Aminocentesis

Question 3.
Saheli, a female antifertility pill, is used:
(a) Daily
(b) Weekly
(c) Quarterly
(d) Monthly
Answer:
(b) Weekly

Question 4.
Fertilization of ovum can be prevented by:
(a) Tubal ligation
(b) Vasectomy
(c) Use of 1UDs
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 5.
Infant mortality in India is:
(a) 14/1000
(b) 45/1000
(c) 62/1000
(d) 72/1000
Answer:
(d) 72/1000

Question 6.
On which day, world population touched 5th billion?
(a) May 11, 1985
(b) July 11, 1986
(c) May 11, 1987
(d) July 11, 1987
Answer:
(d) July 11, 1987

Question 7.
According to 2001 census, Indian population was:
(a) 684 millions
(b) 844 millions
(c) 1027 millions
(d) 1128 millions
Answer:
(c) 1027 millions

Question 8.
Which period of menstrual cycle is called risky period of conception?
(a) 3^rd to 7^th day
(b) 7^th to 13^th day
(c) 10^th to 17^th day
(d) 15^th to 25^th day
Answer:
(c) 10^th to 17^th day

Question 9.
Test tube baby is a technique where:
(a) Zygote is taicen from ovary, cultured and Implanted in the uterus
(b) Ovum is taken from ovary, then fertilized outside and then implanted in the uterus
(c) Sperm and ovum are fertilized and grow test tube
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Ovum is taken from ovary, then fertilized outside and then implanted in the uterus

Question 10.
Copper-T loop prevents:
(a) Ovulation
(b) Zygote formation
(c) Fertilization
(d) cleavage
Answer:
(c) Fertilization

Question 11.
Intra-uterine devices (lUDs) are used to prevent
(a) Sperm to reach ovum
(b) sperm to reach female
(c) Sperm from leaving testes
(d) all of these
Answer:
(a) Sperm to reach ovum

Question 12.
11^th July is celebrated as:
(a) World AIDS Day
(b) World Environment Day
(c) World population day
(d) World Science and Technology Day
Answer:
(c) world population day

Question 13.
Test tube baby means a baby born when:
(a) It is developed in a test tube
(b) It develops from a non-fertilized egg
(c) The ovum is fertilized externally and there after implanted in uterus
(d) It is developed by tissue culture method
Answer:
(c) The ovum is fertilized externally and there after implanted in uterus

Question 14.
The first case of IVF-ET technique success, was reported by:
(a) Bayliss and Starling Taylor
(b) Robert Steptoe and Gilbert Brown
(c) Louis Joy Brown and Banting Best
(d) Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards
Answer:
(d) Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards

Plus Two Zoology Reproductive Health SCERT Sample Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Name the surgical methods of birth control, write the merit and demerit of the above methods. (2)
Answer:
In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum In tubectomy, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina.
Merit – highly effective
Demerit – Reversibility is poor.

Question 2.
In AIDS, HIV attacks on (Helper-T cells, B – Lymphocytes, Monocytes, RBC)    (1)
Answer:
Helper T -Cells

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