Kerala Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Previous Questions Chapter 2 Reproductive Health
Question 1.
Diagram shown below is a surgical method used for female sterilization. (MARCH-2010)
a) What is the method shown in diagram?
b) Mention any two Intra uterine devices to prevent conception.
c) What is the surgical method of male sterilization called?
Answer:
a) Tubectomy
b) Any two methods (Cu-T, Cu-7, loop, Multibad-375, Hormone producing progestogent, LNG-20 etc)
c) Vasectomy
Question 2.
Select the Assisted Reproductive Technique that uses an early embryo with upto 8 blastomeres. (MAY-2010)
a) ZIFT
b) IUT
c) GIFT
d) IUI
Answer:
a) ZIFT
Question 3.
One among the contraceptive method is peculiar. Find the odd one. What is common among others? (MARCH-2011)
a) Periodic abstinence
b) Coitus interruptus
c) Lactational amenorrhea
d) lUD’s
Answer:
d) lUD’s
Others are natural contraceptives/Natural methods/ Others have more chance of conception / IUD is the barrier method.
Question 4.
The treatment facility advertised on the brochure of a private clinic is shown below. (MARCH-2011)
a) Can you suggest what type of a clinic it is ?
b) Make a brief note on any three of the treatment procedure.
Answer:
a) Infertility clinic / Fertility treatment clinic / Assisted Reproductive clinic or Hospital.
b) IVF-Invitro Fertilization
ZIFT – Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
GIFT – Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer
IUI – Intra Uterine Insemination.
Question 5.
“STDs present a major health concern in both industralized and developing countries.” (MARCH-2012)
a) What do you mean by STDs?
b) Name two STDs.
c) Suggest two preventive measures.
Answer:
a) Sexually transmitted diseases
b) Gonorrhoea and Syphilis
c) Avoid sex with unknown partners and use condom during coitus.
Question 6.
Find out the odd one from the following, write the reason. (MAY-2012)
a) CuT
b) Cu7
c) LNG-20
d) Multiload – 375
Answer:
LNG-20
Question 7.
One couple came to know that they have a girl child during fourth month of pregnancy and they decide to do MTP. (MAY-2012)
a) What is MTP ?
b) At which stage of pregnancy MTP relatively safe?
c) How will you respond to the decision of female foeticide by the couple?
Answer:
a) Medical termination of pregnancy
b) MTPs are safe during the first trimester, i.e., upto 12 weeks of pregnancy.
c) MTPs must be essential where continuation of the pregnancy could be harmful or even fatal either to the mother or to the foetus.
Question 8.
One of your friend argued that anti-retroviral drugs are effective medicine to treat AIDS. (MAY-2012)
a) What is your opinion about it?
b) How HIV affect out immunity?
Answer:
a) It prevents the growth and multiplication of viruses
b) HIV enters into helper T-lymphocytes (TH), replicates and produce progeny viruses. The progeny viruses released in the blood attack other helper T-lymphocytes, as result the patient becomes immuno-deficient
Question 9.
Most often HIV infection occur due to conscious behaviour patterns. Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your answer. (MARCH-2013)
Answer:
No,
1) blood transfusion
2) During birth of child
Yes,
1) sexual contact
2) Intraveinous injection
Question 10.
Suggest the ART which may be successful in the following conditions. (MARCH-2013)
a) A female cannot produce ovum, but can provide suitable environment for fertilization and further development.
b) Male partner is unable to inseminate the female or has very low sperm count.
c) Fusion of gametes and zygote formation does not occur within the body of the female.
Answer:
a) Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube (GIFT – gamete intra fallopian transfer) of another female who cannot produce one, but provide suitable environment for fertilisation and further development
b) Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) Here a sperm is directly injected into the ovum. It is the procedure to form an embryo in the laboratory
c) In vitro fertilisation (IVF—fertilisation outside the body in almost similar conditions as that in the body) followed by embryo transfer (ET).
Question 11.
Prepare a pamphlet for Adolescent children to make them aware of alcohol and drug abuse. (MAY-2013)
Answer:
Education and counseling, moral education, Avoid undue peer pressure .visual publicity through TV, seeking professional and medical help etc.
Question 12.
One of your neighbour is suffering from itching, fluid discharge, slight pain and swelling in genital region. (MARCH-2014)
a) What do you think the disease he is suffering from?
b) What measures are to be taken to prevent such diseases?
Answer:
a) Sexually transmitted disease (STD) Eg-gonor- rhoea, syphilis etc.
b) 1) Avoid unknown sexual partner
2) Use condoms during coitus
Question 13.
Expand the following abbreviations which are commonly used in reproductive health: (MARCH-2014)
a) ART
b) ZIFT
Answer:
a) ART – Assisted reproductive techonology
b) ZIFT – Zygote intra fallopian transfer
Question 14.
______ and _____ are two surgical contraceptive methods in males and females respectively. (MAY-2014)
Answer:
Vasectomy,Tubectomy
Question 15.
Sex of the baby is determined by the father, not by the mother. Substantiate. (MAY-2014)
Answer:
ovum fertilises with a sperm carrying X- chromosome the zygote develops into a female (XX) and the fertilisation of ovum with Y-chromosome carrying sperm results into a male offspring. Hence the genetic make up of the sperm that determines the sex of the child.
Question 16.
Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country? Is this ban necessary? Comment. One use of amniocentesis. (MAY-2014)
Answer:
Yes, Ban on amniocentesis for sex-determination to legally check increasing female foeticides. It is a foetal sex determination test based on the chromosomal pattern in the amniotic fluid surrounding the developing embryo.
Question 17.
Identify the diagram and write how it acts? (MARCH-2015)
Answer:
Copper T (CuT), lUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms.
Question 18.
Foetal sex can be determined by a test based on the chromosomal pattern from the amniotic fluid. (MARCH-2015)
a) What is this test?
b) Revealing of sex determination through this test is banned. Is this ban necessary? Comment.
c) Invitro fertilization followed by embryo transfer is known as _____.
Answer:
a) Aminocentesis
b) Yes, Ban on amniocentesis for sex- determination to legally check increasing female foeticides.
c) Test tube baby programme
Question 19.
If proper care and attention is not given by adults, adolescents may become addicted to drugs/ alcohol.” What is your opinion about this statement? Substantiate your answer. (MAY-2015)
Answer:
Adolescence is a bridge linking childhood and adulthood. It is the very vulnerable phase of mental and psychological development of an individual. Repeated use of drugs, the tolerance level of the receptors present in our body increases. Consequently the receptors respond only to higher doses of drugs or alcohol leading to greater intake and addiction.
Question 20.
Some techniques commonly used for infertility treatment are given below. Read them carefully and answer the questions. (MAY-2015)
ZIFI , GJFF, ICSI, IUI, IVF
a) Which of the above technique is used forthe collection of sperm from the husband or a healthy donor and artificially introduced into the vagina or uterus of the female?
b) Distinguish between ZIFT and GIFT.
c) Write the common term used to denote ‘ tech-niques given above
Answer:
a) IUI
b) ZIFT- Ova from the wife/donor (female) and sperms from the husband/donor (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory. The zygote or early embryos (with upto 8 blastomeres) are transferred into the fallopian tube
b) GIFT-Transferof an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce it ,but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation
c) Assisted reproductive technologies (ART)
Question 21.
Categorise the given birth control methods into three groups with proper heads. (MARCH-2016)
Cervical caps, Vasectomy, Cu T, Tubectomy, Diaphragms, Condom, Lippes Loop
Answer:
lUDs- Cu T, LiPPes loop
Barrier method- Diaphrams, Condoms Cervical caps, surgical method – Vasectomy, Tubectomy,
Question 22.
Diagnostic report of two couples having infertility problems are given below: (MAY-2016)
1) The woman cannot produce ovum.
2) The man has very low sperm count in semen. Suggest a suitable Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) for each problem in expanded form
Answer:
1) GIFT -Gamete intra fallopian transfer
2) lUI-Intra uterine insemination/AI-Artificial insemination.
Question 23.
Which of the following pairs of STDs is completely curable? (MARCH-2017)
1) HIV, Hepatitis-B
2) Hepatitis-B, Gonorrhoea
3) Syphilis, Gonorrhoea
4) Chlamydomonas, genital-herpes
Answer:
3) syphilis, gonorrohea
Question 24.
a) What is ART? (MARCH-2017)
b) Categorize the following ARTs based on their applications in male sterility and female sterility:
GIFT, Al
Answer:
a) In the case of infertility, the couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques commonly known as assisted reproductive technologies (ART),
b) GIFT-Female,
Al – Male