Kerala Plus One Botany Chapter Wise Previous Questions Chapter 2 Plant Kingdom
Question 1.
Match the following. (MARCH-2010)
Answer:
Prothallus – Gametophyte
Synergid – Egg Apparatus
Protonema – Mosses
Sporophyll – Strobilus
Question 2.
Observe the relationship between the word of the first sentence and fill the second one. (SAY-2010)
Association of a fungus with algae – Lichens Association of a fungus with roots of plants
Answer:
Mycorrhiza
Question 3.
The process of fertilization in angiosperm is known as double fertilization. Comment on it. (SAY-2010)
Answer:
Fertilization involves two fusion
1. Sygamy
2. Male gamete fused with Secondary nucleus.
Question 4.
In Bryophytes, the dominant phase in the life cycle is the gametophytic plant. However, in pteridophytes, the main plant body is a sporophyte. How can we easily differentiate between the sporophytes in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes? (MARCH-2011)
Answer:
In Bryophytes,the main plant body is gametophyte. In this sporophyte is attached to gametophyte.
In pteridophyte the main plant body is sporophyte. It is differentiated into Root, Stem and leaf and bears vascular tissues and spores.(Heterosporous/ Homosporous)
Question 5.
Write the name of the stored food of the algal classes in the table given below. (SAY-2011)
b) Liver worts reproduce asexually by fragmentation and by a specialized structure.
Name the specialized structure for asexual re-production.
c) Selaginella produces macro and micro spores in the same strobilus is called …………..
Answer:
a) Mannitol and laminarin, Floridean starch
b) Gemmae
c) Heterosporous
Question 6.
Most pteridophytes are homosporous but there are exceptions. (MARCH-2012)
a) Identify two heterosporous genera.
b) ‘Heterospory is a precursor to seed habit’. Point out any one common character found in heterospory and seed habit.
Answer:
a) Selaginella, Salvinia, Marsilea etc.
b) Production of two kinds of spores ie, Macro and Microspores. Megaspore germinate and give rise to female gametophyte. Microspore – germinate and give rise to male gametophyte. So the development of zygote into embryo takes place in the female gametophyte.
Question 7.
Even though algae are primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, man is benefited by algae in a variety of ways. Write any four points in favor of this statement. (MARCH-2012)
Answer:
a) Half of the C02 fixation on earth is done by algae.
b) 70 sps. of marine algae are used as food.
c) Agar-agar is obtained from gracillaria and geledium used for the growth of microbes (agar) and also used for the preparation of ice-cream and jellies.
d) Chlorella and spirulina are rich in protein and used as food supplement by the space travelers.
Question 8.
‘Double fertilization is an event unique to anagiosperms’. (MARCH-2013)
a) Mention the two fusions in this event.
b) Name the products obtained as a result of these fusions.
Answer:
a) Syngamy and triple fusion
b) zygote and PEN.
Question 9.
Give reasons for the following: (SAY-2013)
a) Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom.
b) Fertilization in angiosperm is known as double fertilization.
Answer:
a) They are found in moist,cool, and shady places. They require water for fertilization
b) It takes place two times i.e it involves syngamy and Triple fusion
Question 10.
Unlike a majority of the pteridophytes, genera like selaginella and Salvinia show a unique feature in spore formation.
a) What is this feature? (MARCH-2014)
b) Briefly comment on its significance.
Answer:
It is heterosporous i.e production of two types of spores
1) microspores
2) megaspores.
It is considered a precursor to seed habit and important in Evolution.
Question 11.
Match the following (SAY-2014)
Answer:
Floridean starch – Red algae
b) Double fertilisation – Angiosperm
c) coralloid root – Gymnosperm
d) Prothallus – Fern
Question 12.
Complete the given table of algal divisions and their main characteristics by filling ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’ and ‘d’. (MARCH-2015)
Answer:
a) Starch
b) Fucoxanthin
c) Rhodophyceae
d) Floridean starch
Question 13.
Write any two distinguishing features of the algal class Rhodophyceae. (MARCH-2016)
Distinguish between mycorrhiza and coralloid roots.
Answer:
Rhodophyceae
Flagella are not present in gamete and spores Red pigment r-phycoerythrin is present Stored food-floridean starch is present
OR
Mycorrhiza – a symbiotic association of algae and fungi Coralloid root-association of a fungus with root
Question 14.
Double fertilization is a unique feature of angiosperms. Explain the two processes involved in double fertilization. (SAY-2016)
Answer:
Syngamy: In this one of the male gamete fuses with egg cell to form a zygote.
Triple fusion: In this second male gamete fuses with a diploid secondary nucleus to form primary endosperm nucleus.
Question 15.
Algae are useful to man in a variety of ways. (MARCH-2017)
Suggest any four use of algae.
Answer:
1 ) Half of the total carbon dioxide fixation on earth is carried out by algae through photosynthesis.
2) Many species of Porphyra, Laminaria, and Sargassum are among the 70 species of marine algae used as food.
3) Certain marine brown and red algae produce large amounts of hydrocolloids (water-holding substances), e.g., algin (brown algae) and carrageen (red algae) are used commercially.
4) Agar obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria are used to grow microbes and in preparations of ice-creams and jellies.