ICSE Geography Question Paper 2018 Solved for Class 10

ICSE Geography Previous year Question Paper 2018 Solved for Class 10

• Answers to this Paper must be written on the answer sheet provided separately,
• You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
• This time is to be spent in reading the question paper,
• The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
• Attempt seven questions in all.
• Part I is compulsory. All questions from Part I are to be attempted.
• A total of five questions are to be attempted from Part II,
• The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].
• To be supplied with this Paper: Survey of India Map Sheet No. 45D/7 and 20 cm of twine.

NOTE:

1. In all Map Work, make wise use of arrows to avoid overcrowding of the map.
2. The extract of Survey of India Map Sheet No. 45D/7 must not be taken out of the examination hall. It must be handed over to the Supervising Examiner on completion of the paper.
3. The Map given at the end of this question paper must be detached, and after marking, must be fastened to your answer booklet.
4. All sub-sections of the questions attempted must be answered in the correct serial order.
5. All working including rough work should be done on the same answer sheet which is used to answer the rest of the paper.

Part -1 [30 Marks]
(Attempt all Questions from this part)

Question 1.
Study the extract of the Survey of India Map sheet No. 45D/7 and answer the following questions:

(a) Give the six figure grid reference for: [2]

1. △ 268
2. Temple south east of Khara

Answer:

1. 949834
2. 963861

(b) Name the following :

1. The drainage pattern seen in 9185.
2. The pattern of settlement seen in 9787. [2]

Answer:

1. Radial
2. Dispersed or scattered

(c) What do the following symbols mean? [2]

1. 3r in 9089
2. 200 in 9383

Answer:

1. Relative depth of dry tank is 3 meter.
2. Difference between two contour lines 200 contour interval.

(d) Name two types of vegetation found in the region east of easting 93. [2]
Answer:
Open mixed forest and dense mixed forest.

(e) Give two evidences which suggest that the rainfall received in the region shown on the map extract is seasonal. [2]
Answer:

1. Rivers and streams are non-perennial.
2. Presence of dry tanks.

(f) Calculate the area of the region between 85 – 90 northing and 90 – 95 easting. Give your answer in kilometer. [2]
Answer:
(f) Each square measures equal to = 2cm X 2c
Since 2 cm on map = 1km on the ground
Area of 1 square km = 1 sq km
Area of 25 square = 1 X 25
= 25 sq km

(g) Mention any two manmade features and two natural features in grid square 9080. [2]
Answer:

1. Manmade: Temple, Well
2. Natural: Vegetation, Disappearing stream

(h) What is the direct distance in kilometers between the surveyed tree west of Rampura (9580) to the chhatri in Juvol (9282)? [2]
Answer:
Direct distance 6.8 cm
1 cm on the map represent 500 m on the ground 5 cm on the map represents = 500 x 6.8 = 3400 m or 3.4 km

(i) Mention : [2]

1. The most commonly used means of transport in the area shown on the map extract.
2. The main occupation of the people of the region in the south eastern part of the map extract.

Answer:

1. Cart track
2. Agriculture

(j) 1. What is the compass direction of Rampura (9580) from Karja (9781)? [2]
2. Identify the landform marked by contours in 9782.
Answer:

1.  sw
2. Mountain

Question 2.
On the outline map of India provided:
(a) Shade and label Thar desert. [1]
(b) Label the river Narmada. [1]
(c) Shade and name the Wular lake. [1]
(d) Shade and label Kanara coast. [1]
(e) Mark and name Mount Kanchenjunga. [1]
(f) Shade and label a densely-populated region in India. [1]
(g) Shade and label a region with Red soil in India. [1]
(h) Mark with a dot and name Chennai. [1]
(i) Mark and label the Arabian Sea branch of S. W. Monsoon. [1]
(j) Mark with a dot and name Singhbhum. [1]
Answer:

PART II [50 MARKS]
(Attempt any FIVE questions from this Part)

Question 3.
(a) How is the winter rainfall of the northwest part of India different from the winter rainfall of the southeast part of India? [2]
Answer:

(b) 1. Name a state that is the first to experience the onset of the monsoon. [2]
2. How does the “Mango shower” influence the state of Karnataka?
Answer:

1. Kerala
2. Mango showers are pre-monsoon showers.
   Mango showers are also called cherry blossom as they help in coffee cultivation.

(c) Give a reason for each of the following: [3]

1. Kanyakumari experiences equable climate.
2. Central Maharashtra gets less rainfall than the coastal area of Maharashtra.
3. Jaipur has a higher annual range of temperature than Mumbai.

Answer:
1. Kanyakumari is located on the sea coast so it enjoys equable influence of the sea.

2. The amount of rainfall show a declining trend as the monsoon wind move westward. The Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon get drier and drier as the distance from the sea increases. .

3. Jaipur is located away from the coast so it has high range of temperature whereas Mumbai is a coastal city and enjoys equable influence of the sea.

(d) Write three differences between summer monsoon season and retreating monsoon season. [3]
Answer:

Question 4.
(a) 1.  Why does alluvial soil differ in texture? [2]
2.  State two cash crops that grow well in alluvial soil.
Answer:

1. It is the transported soil and in the upper course of the river it is coarse where as in the lower coarse it is finally grained.
2. Wheat and Rice.

(b) With reference to black soil answer the following : [2]

1. Name one important crop which grows in this soil.
2. Give one chemical property of this soil.

Answer:

1. Cotton.
2. Soil is rich in soil nutrients such as calcium, carbonate, potash, lime etc.

(c) Give one geographical reason for each of the following : [3]

1. Red soil requires irrigation.
2. Afforestation prevents soil from getting eroded.
3. Laterite soil is red in colour.

Answer:

1. Soil lacks organic matter.
2. Trees and plants anchor and hold the soil together.
3. Due to wide diffusion.

(d) What is soil erosion? [3]
Mention two causes of soil erosion in India.
Answer:

1. Soil erosion is the removal of soil by the forces of nature, particularly wind and water.
2. Soil erosion mainly takes place due to man’s activities such as :
   (a) Deforestation
   (b) Overgrazing of cattle.

Question 5.
(a) 1. Name an area in India where Tropical Monsoon forest is found. [2]
2. How is this forest of great commercial value to India?
Answer:

1. Eastern slopes of Western Ghats.
2. These forests provide teak, sal, sandalwood etc. which are used for furniture and other wood work.

(b) With reference to Littoral forest, answer the following questions : [2]

1. Why do the trees in this forest grow aerial roots?
2. Name one area in India where this forest is found.

Answer:
1. Mangroves can live in the most inundated areas, prop themselves up above the water level with stilt roots and can then take in air through pores in their bark. Prop root systems allow mangroves to take up gases directly from the atmosphere, and various other nutrients, like iron from the inhospitable soil. Gases are quite often stored directly inside the roots and processed even when the roots are submerged during high tide.

2. Littoral forests occur at several places along the coast and confined deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Cauveri.

(c) 1. Name a state in India where thorn and scrub forest is found. [3]
2.  Give two ways by which the trees that are found here have adapted to the climate.
Answer:

1. Punjab plains, Northern Madhya Pradesh, South-West Uttar Pradesh, (Bundelkhand plateau).
2. Trees remain small, it saves surface through which water evaporates.
   Develop an extended root system close to the surface and still collect a lot of water during scanty rainfall.

(d) 1. Give two ways in which forests are important. [3]
2.  Mention one forest conservation method followed in India.
Answer:

1. 1. They play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion.
   2. Forests play an important role in regulating the earth’s temperature and weather patterns by storing large quantities of carbon and water.
2. Social Forestry

Question 6.
(a) There is plenty of rain in India during the rainy season, yet we need irrigation. Give two reasons to support this statement. [2]
Answer:

• Variability in Rainfall: Rainfall in India is very uncertain, which increases the element of risk and makes crop production rather difficult.
• Unequal Distribution of Rainfall: In most parts of the country, 80% of the annual rainfall is received from June to September from the south-west monsoon. Saurashtra-Kutch region of Gujarat, western half of Rajasthan and parts of Punjab and Haryana are in the arid zone, where there is a constant deficiency of water.

(b) 1. Name three traditional means of irrigation. [2]
2. Give a reason why traditional means of irrigation are still important in most parts of India.
Answer:

1. 1. Wells
   2. Canals
   3. Tanks
2. Traditional means of irrigation like wells, canals and tanks are still important in most parts of India as these are cost effective methods whereas the modern methods like drip irrigation, sprinkle irrigation though save water but are very expensive.

(c) 1.  Differentiate between Surface water and Ground water.. [3]
2. Mention two reasons to explain as to why we are facing water scarcity in recent times.
Answer:
1.

2.  (i) Overpopulation or large and growing population can lead to water scarcity as more population means more demand for water.
(ii) To facilitate higher foodgrain production, water resources are being over exploited to expand the irrigated areas and the dry season agriculture.

(d) 1. What is rain water harvesting? [3]
2.  What are the advantages of rain water harvesting?
3.  Name two water Harvesting systems practised in India.
Answer:
1.  It is the technique of increasing the recharge of ground water by capturing and storing rain water by constructing structures such as percolating pits, check dams, etc.

2. (a) To overcome the inadequacy of surface water to meet our demands.
(b) To check decline in ground water levels.
(c) To enhance availability of ground water at specific place and time and utilize rain water for sustainable development.

3. Surface runoff and Rooftop rain water harvesting.

Question 7.
(a) Give two advantages that non-conventional energy sources have over conventional energy sources. [2]
Answer:

1. These are renewable sources of energy, e.g., solar energy, wind energy.
2. These do not cause any pollution.

(b) 1. Mention one advantage of the use of natural gas over coal or petroleum. [2]
2.  Name one off shore oil field of India.
Answer:

1. It is a clean energy resource.
   It is easy to transport through pipelines.
2. Bombay-High and Bassein.

(c) Answer the following :

1. State one industrial use of copper. [3]
2. Mention one advantage of generating power from bio-gas.
3. Name the mineral that toughens steel and makes it rust-proof.

Answer:

1. It is used in power cables.
2. It does not cause any pollution.
   It is a cheap source of energy.
   It prevents the loss of trees and manure due to burning of fuel wood and cow dung cakes.
3. Manganese

(d) 1. Name the metal obtained from Bauxite. [3]
Give any one use of the metal mentioned by you.
2. Which multi-purpose project provides power to both Punjab and Himachal Pradesh ?
Answer:

1. Aluminium
   It is used for making pots, pans and parts of automobiles.
2. Bhakra Nangal

Question 8.
(a) With reference to the cultivation of tea answer the following : [2]

1. Why is tea grown on hill slopes?
2. Why tea bushes have to be pruned at regular intervals?

Answer:

1. Because roots cannot tolerate stagnant water.
2. Pruning is done to keep the shrub at a convenient height of about 40 to 50 cm.
   It encourages the growth of new shoots with softer leaves.

(b) With reference to rice cultivation answer the following : [2]

1. Why does the cultivation of rice require a lot of manual labour?
2. Mention two geographical conditions which suit the cultivation of rice.

Answer:

1. Plants are planted and harvested manually.
2. Temperature – 24 °C
   Rainfall – Between 150 cm to 300 cm.
   Soil – Alluvial

(c) Give a geographical reason for each of the following : [3]

1. Cotton is a labour intensive crop.
2. Jute is retted after it has been harvested.
3. The growing of pulses is important in India.

Answer:

1. Cotton balls are picked manually.
2. Fibre can be easily removed.
3. These are the major source of protein for most of the people.
   These plants help in restoring the fertility of the soil.

(d) 1. Why is agriculture important in India ? [3]
2. Name the two main agricultural seasons of India.
3. What is mixed farming?
Answer:

1. Agriculture is the main stay of Indian economy because 67 % of our population depends directly or indirectly on agriculture.
   It provides raw-material to the industries.
2. Kharif and Rabi.
3. Mixed farming is a technique of farming under which equal importance is given to rearing of animals along with cultivation of crops.

Question 9.
(a) 1. Name the private sector iron and steel plant of India. [2]
2. From where does it get its supply of:
1. Iron ore
2. Manganese
3. Coal?
Answer:

1. Tata Iron and Steel Industry, Jamshedpur.
2. 1. Iron Ore: Singhbhum, Mayurbhanj.
   2. Manganese: Noamundi.
   3. Coal: Jharia.

(b) Mention any two problems faced by the cotton textile industry of India. [2]
Answer:

• Problem of raw material: ‘Long staple’ fibre is best fibre but most of the cotton grown in India is the ‘short staple’ fibre.
• International competition: Countries like Taiwan, South Korea and Japan are giving a stiff competition.

(c) Give a geographical reason for each of the following: [3]

1. Silk industry is doing particularly well in Karnataka.
2. Petrochemical products are gaining popularity in modern times.
3. The electronics industry is proving to be an asset for our country in the field of education.

Answer:
1. It enjoys favourable climatic conditions for rearing the silkworms.
Karnataka is the hub of skilled workers which are required for production of silk.

2. These products are cost effective.
These are cheaper as compared to traditional products.
Its raw material is easily available.

3. Electronics industry has given us various products like television, computers, laptops, tabs, radio, DTH, etc. All these electronic products have become the major source of entertainment as well as education.
With the help of these products information is readily available and can be shared through the use of internet.

(d) Name the following : [3]

1. A city most famous for electronics and hence called “The Electronics Capital of India”.
2. The location of an iron and steel industry set up with German collaboration.
3. A by-product of sugar industry which is used in the manufacture of wax and shoe polish.

Answer:

1. Bengaluru
2. Rourkela Steel Plant; Krupp and Demag Companies of Germany.
3. Press Mud: It is used for making shoe polish, carbon paper and wax.

Question 10.
(a) Give two reasons for the “means of transport” being called the lifelines of a nation’s economy. [2]
Answer:
Radio, television, e-mail, telegraph, etc., are the main means of communication whereas the railways, airways, buses, trucks, cars, etc., are the main means of transportation.

1. To provide link: Transportation is the lifeline of a country. This connects one part of the country with another part, and helps in providing essential products to all the places and the people.
2. Development of Economy: The means of transport and communication help the industries to get raw materials, and its finished products are transported by the railways and roadways. Agriculture also depends greatly on transportation.

(b) Give two ways in which rail transport is useful for the people of India. [2]
Answer:

1. Indian Railways carry most of the long distance passengers traffic and 80% of the total freight of the country.
2. Railway is cheap mode of transportation. It can carry bulky raw material.

(c) 1. State one advantage of inland waterways. [3]
2. State one advantage of roadways.
3. State one disadvantage of water transport.
Answer:

1. It is the most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
2. Road transportation is easy and is within the reach of the common man. Moreover, it is available for 24 hours.
3. Water transport as a whole is much slower than its roads, rail and air competitors.

(d) Give three reasons as to why airways are becoming a popular means of transport in modern India. [3]
Answer:

1. Air transport is the fastest mode of transport and therefore suitable carriage of goods over a long distance requiring less time.
2. Air transport is regarded as the only means of transport in those areas which are not easily accessible to other modes of transport.

Question 11.
(a) Give two reasons as to why there is a need for safe waste disposal. [2]
Answer:

1. All type of waste pose a challenge to the environment.
2. Untreated waste materials discharged into stream cause depletion of aquatic life.

(b) How can waste be reused? Explain with the help of an example. [2]
Answer:
Waste can be reused by recycling. For example, old paper can be recycled and used again.

(c) Mention one way in which waste accumulation has an effect on the following: [3]

1. Aquatic life
2. Terrestrial life
3. Landscape

Answer:
1. Plastics dumped into ocean can affect the marine life seriously. Plastic items such as bottles and bags could choke and suffocate the sea animals, as they eat them thinking that they are food. Plastics are known to be a major cause for the death of turtles, as they swallow the floating bags, mistaking them for jelly fish.

2. Pollutants of waste enter the environment and become a part of food chain which accumulates in the bodies of organisms at different levels. For example, insecticides and pesticides used by the farmer mix with the water. Animals drinking that water may get infected. Plants growing in that area may absorb these chemicals and get infected. Humans consuming these plants may also get infected.

3. (i) When the waste is dumped in an improper way, the landscape of the area gives unpleasant look.
(ii) The uncontrolled dumping of urban waste damages the beauty of the countryside.

(d) What do you mean by the following terms? [3]

1. Segregation.
2. Composting.
3. Dumping.

Answer:
1. Segregation refers to the separation of waste into different categories of waste. Segregation depends upon the waste disposal technique. The most popular segregation is biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

2. Composting is a biological process in which micro-organisms, mainly fungi and bacteria, convert degradable organic waste into humus-like substance.

3. Dumping is an activity of depositing waste in an area.

ICSE Class 10 Geography Previous Years Question Papers