Conjunctions: Conjunctions are used to join words or groups of words together. The most common ones are and, or and but. Conjunctions can be categorized into one of three groupings:
- Coordinating Conjunctions
- Correlative Conjunctions
- Subordinating Conjunctions
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Conjunctions Exercises for Class 9 ICSE with Answers
1. Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions or coordinators are the ones which tend to spring to mind when people think about conjunctions. They include and, but, or, nor, for, so and yet. They are used to join individual words, phrases and independent clauses of equal importance or rank.
Following are some of the commonly used coordinating conjunctions:
1. And
Present non-contrasting ideas or items:
- Geeta and Laila have failed in the test.
- I will buy chocolates and chips for my picnic.
2. For
Present rationale:
- They do not gamble, for they are ascetics.
- History will be kind to me, for I intend to write it.
3. But
Present a contrast:
- Sheena loves dancing, but not singing.
- I have bought a new bag, but not a new water-bottle.
4. So
Present a result or consequence:
- I won the first prize, so I gave a grand party to my friends.
- She was not well, so she took an off yesterday.
5. Or
Present an alternative item or idea:
- Vishal or his new deputy from Mumbai will notify you when the report is ready.
- Every day I study Mathematics or English.
2. Correlative Conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions appear in pairs to join words or group of words. For example, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or and not only…but also.
- This man is either too intelligent or he thinks I am too stupid.
- She led the team not only in statistics but also by virtue of her enthusiasm.
- He is neither studying nor sleeping.
- You must decide whether you want to stay or you want to go.
Subordinating Conjunctions
A Subordinating Conjunction (sometimes called a dependent word or subordinator) comes at the beginning of a Subordinate (or Dependent) Clause and establishes the relationship between the dependent clause and the rest of the sentence. Hence the conjunction introducing the dependent or subordinate clause is called a Subordinating Conjunction.
Some of the common subordinating Conjunctions are:
- Because: He refused to give up his dream of being in the movies because he loved acting.
- Unless: Unless we act now, all is lost.
- Until: Keep your hand on the wood until the nurse asks you to take it off.
- While: Make hay while the sun shines.
- Although: Although he was not well, he went to school.
Conjunctions Worksheets
1. Fill the blank with the correct conjunction.
1. Receptionists must be able to relay information ______ pass messages accurately.
(a) Or
(b) And
(c) But
(d) Because
2. I did not go to the show ______ I had already seen it.
(a) Until
(b) Because
(c) So
(d) But
3. Maya is a member of the Debating Club ______ the Literary Society.
(a) As
(b) Or
(c) And
(d) But
4. Read over your answers ______ correct all mistakes before you pass them up.
(a) Or
(b) And
(c) Because
(d) While
5. Keep the food covered ______ the flies will contaminate it.
(a) Or
(b) And
(c) Until
(d) Though
6. ______ he is thin, he is strong.
(a) But
(b) As
(c) Though
(d) Because
7. Samay ______ phoned ______ wrote after she left home.
(a) either, or
(b) neither, nor
(c) while, and
(d) though, or
8. She had an unpleasant experience ______ she was in Thailand.
(a) But
(b) And
(c) Because
(d) While
9. The committee rejected the proposal ______ they did not think it was practical.
(a) Or
(b) But
(c) Though
(d) Because
10. Natwar welcomed his guests ______ offered them drinks.
(a) And
(b) While
(c) Until
(d) As
2. Complete the blank with the correct Conjunction.
1. I like chicken ______ not fish.
(a) And
(b) Since
(c) But
(d) For
(e) Or
2. ______ it rains on Sunday, I will not be able to drive.
(a) And
(b) Where
(c) Either
(d) If
(e) How
3. I like both dogs ______ cats.
(a) Also
(b) But
(c) And
(d) If
(e) Until
4. The items are on sale in the local store ______ not online.
(a) But
(b) And
(c) Though
(d) Or
(e) Nor
5. Neither my mother ______ my father will be able to attend the party on Sunday.
(a) Or
(b) But not
(c) And
(d) Nor
(e) But also
6. Kusum didn’t know whether her bike would be fixed ______ if she would have to walk.
(a) But
(b) And
(c) Nor
(d) Or
(e) Either
7. Father was late to the party ______ his car broke down on the highway.
(a) If
(b) Because
(c) While
(d) Although
(e) Where
3. Join each pair of the following sentences by means of a suitable conjunction.
1. Jaya dances. Her sister does not dance.
2. Ananya hasn’t come. Meeta hasn’t come.
3. She speaks English. She speaks Hindi.
4. I like him. He is very sincere.
5. He did not win. He worked hard.
6. She is ill. She is cheerful.
7. We decided to go out. It was raining.
8. The piper played. The children danced.
9. James works hard. His brother is lazy.
10. I went to the shop. I bought some vegetables.