CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 5

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 5 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 5.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 5

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 5 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Political Science is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions

• All questions are compulsory.
• Questions nos. 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 20 words
• Questions nos. 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 40 words
• Questions nos. 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 100 words
• Questions nos. 17 to 21 are of 5 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 150 words
• Questions no. 21 is map based question.
• Questions nos. 22 to 27 are of 6 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 150 words.

Question 1.
What does the logo on an ASEAN flag symbolise?

Question 2.
Whose mediation resolved the Indus River water dispute between India and Pakistan?

Question 3.
Name any two member states of the European Union who are permanent members of the UN Security Council.

Question 4.
What was the controversy regarding the appointment of the Chief Justice A.N. Ray in 1973?

Question 5.
In the poem what does the term “Pilgrims of darkness” signify? To whom has the poet referred as the liberator?

Question 6.
Which communities wanted separate states in the North-East region?

Question 7.
Highlight any two main demands of Anti-arrack movement.

Question 8.
Explain traditional concept of security.

Question 9.
How did Earth Summit draw attention of global politics towards environmental issues?

Question 10.
What reforms in the UN are required?

Question 11.
Why did Soviet economy system become so weak?

Question 12.
How does the geographical proximity influence the formation of regional organisations?

Question 13.
Mention some of the recent agreements between India and Pakistan. Can we be sure that the two countries are well in their way to a friendly relationship?

Question 14.
What was Goa problem? How was Goa liberated and how did it become part of Indian Union?

Question 15.
Write a note on Hindu-Muslim riots in Gujarat.

Question 16.
Explain any four features of India’s Nuclear Policy.

Question 17.
Read carefully the passage given below and Answer the following questions:
The Cold War was not simply a matter of power rivalries, military alliances and of balance of power. These were accompanied by a real ideological conflict as well, a difference over the best and most appropriate way of organising political, economic and social life all over the world.
(i) Why is a war like situation called Cold War?
(ii) Identify one military pact each signed by each of the two super powers to balance the power rivalries.
(iii) Differentiate between the ideologies represented by the rival blocs.

Question 18.
Read the passage given below and Answer the questions that follow:
When India conducted its first nuclear test, it was termed as peaceful explosion. India argued that it was committed to the policy of using nuclear power only for peaceful purposes. The period when the nuclear test was conducted was a difficult period in domestic politics. Following the Arab-Israel War of 1973, the entire world was affected by the Oil Shock due to the massive hike in the oil price by the Arab nations. It led to economic turmoil in India resulting in high inflation.
(i) When did India conduct its first nuclear test and why?
(ii) Why does the period, when the nuclear test was conducted in India, considered to be a difficult period in domestic politics?
(iii) Which international event of 1970s was responsible for high inflation in India?

Question 19.
Study the picture given below and Answer the questions that follow:

(i) What does the cartoon represent?
(ii) Which countries are being shown here?
(iii) What message does this picture convey?

Question 20.
Read carefully the passage given below and Answer the following questions:
The New Congress had something that its big opponents lacked—it had an issue, an agenda and a positive slogan. The Grand Alliance did not have a coherent political programme. Indira Gandhi said that the opposition alliance had only one common programme ‘Indira Hatao!. In contrast to this, she put forward a positive programme captured in the famous slogan‘Garibi Hatao’.
(i) Which Congress is being referred to as ‘the New Congress’?
(ii) Highlight any two steps taken by Indira Gandhi to remove poverty.
(iii) How far is it justified to call the ‘opposition alliance’ as the ‘Grand Alliance’?

Question 21.
Study the map of Assembly Election Results of India, 1967 and Answer the following questions.

(i) Write the names of all the states where Congress got majority in 1967 assembly polls.
(ii) Name a state where Congress did not get a majority in 1967 assembly polls, but formed government with help of others.
(iii) Name a state where Congress did not form government due to problem of‘Aya Ram Gaya Ram’.

Question 22.
What was India’s foreign policy towards the US and USSR during the Cold War era? Do you think that this policy helped India’s interests?
OR
What set of conflicts had occurred in Soviet Republics? Explain.

Question 23.
How is the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) a major regional initiative by South Asian States to evolve co-operation through multilateral means? Assess.
OR
As decided by the member states in 2005, highlight any four steps to make the United Nations more relevant in the changing context?

Question 24.
Explain the meaning of ‘global commons’. How are environmental concerns becoming important in global politics?
OR
Explain any four components of India’s security strategy.

Question 25.
Highlight the role of Pt. Nehru in
(i) setting the national agenda.
(ii) Afro-Asian unity
OR
Which six factors contributed to the popularity of Indira Gandhi’s government in the decade of 1970s?

Question 26.
In what way did the imposition of Emergency affect the party system in India? Elaborate your Answerwer with examples.
OR
How did Naxalites organise themselves? Examine the conditions responsible for the growth of Naxalite Movement in India. Evaluate its role in Indian politics.

Question 27.
Describe Sardar Sarovar Project and Narmada Sagar Project. Why did Narmada Bachao Andolan oppose these projects? Write in brief.
OR
Explain the internal divisions of the State of Jammu and Kashmir and describe how these lead to multiple regional aspirations in that state.

Answers

Answer 1.
The logo of ASEAN flag symbolises that the ten stalks of paddy represent the ten South-East Asian Countries and bound together in friendship and solidarity. The circle represents the Unity of ASEAN.

Answer 2.
The World Bank.

Answer 3.
Britain and France

Answer 4.
It became political controversial because in this appointment the government set aside the seniority of three judges who had given ruling against the stand of government.

Answer 5.
It signifies Dalit communities who had experienced brutal caste injustices. The poet refers to Dr. Ambedkar as their liberator as well as ‘Sun flower giving Fakir’.

Answer 6.
Despite reorganisation of North-East in 1972, autonomy demand arose:

• Assam communities like Bodos, Karbis and Dimosas demanded separate states.
• They mobilised public opinion and popular movement and same area was claimed by more than one community.
• Federal set up satisfied their autonomy i.e. Karbis and Dimosas were granted autonomy under district councils while Bodos were granted autonomous council.

Answer 7.

• Prohibition on the sale of arrack.
• Provided a platform to discuss private issues of domestic violence.

Answer 8.
The traditional notion of security covers both the external and internal threats of a country’s security. External threats consist of four components i.e. military threats, threat of war, balance of power, alliance building. Internal threats include maintenance of internal peace and order and recognise cooperative security to limit violence.

Answer 9.
The Earth Summit drew attention of global politics towards environmental issues. It produced conventions to deal with climate change, biodiversity, forestry and recommended a list of development practices called Agenda 21. It combined economic growth with ecological responsibility known as ‘Sustainable Development’ as well as Earth Summit laid stress on the cooperation of states to conserve, protect, restore the health and integrity of the earth’s ecosystems.

Answer 10.
Following reforms are required in the UN:

• Reform of the organisation’s structures and processes.
• A review of the issues that fall within the jurisdiction of the organisation.
• Reforms are required due to certain limitations to the UN i.e. only five members on permanent basis in the UN Security Council and their veto power, dominance of few powerful countries etc.

Answer 11.
Soviet system became so weak and Soviet economy stagnant due to the following reasons:

• The Soviet economy used much of its resources in maintaining nuclear and military arsenals.
• Soviet economy concentrated on the development of its satellite states in Eastern Europe especially in the five central Asian republics.
• This led to a huge economic burden on people to be coped up with.
• Ordinary citizens became more knowledgeable about the economic advancement of the West and backwardness of Soviet system.

Answer 12.
The geographical proximity influences the formation of regional organisations because:

• It is influenced by almost some historical enmities and weaknesses.
• Sometimes the similar interests come together.
• Even fruitful areas for regional economy are also the result of geographical proximity.

Answer 13.
Although Indo-Pakistan relations seem to be the story of endemic conflict and violence, there have been a series of efforts to manage tensions and build peace under the various agreements:

• Agreed to undertake confidence building measures to reduce the risk of war.
• Social activists and prominent personalities have collaborated to create an atmosphere of friendship.
• Leaders have met at summits to better understanding.
• Bus routes have been opened up between these two countries.
• Trade between the two parts of Punjab has increased substantially in the last five years.
• Visas have been given more easily.

No, despite the above mentioned agreements and initiatives, we can not be sure that both the countries are well in their way to friendship, still some areas of conflict exist there to be sorted out.

Answer 14.

• Goa was under Portuguese along with Daman and Diu since 16th century.
• We expected freedom in 1947 but Portugal refused to withdraw but the people of Goa wanted to merge with motherland.
• People of Goa suppressed from religious conversions and civil rights known as ‘Goa Problem’.
• In 1961, within two days Goa, Daman and Diu were liberated from Portugal rule under ‘Operation Vijay’ by Government of India.
• Goa became part of India and in 1987, it attained the status of‘State Position’.

Answer 15.

• The anti-Muslim riots took place at a station called Godhara in 2002.
• A fire took place on a bogey full of leorsevakos returning from Ayodhya.
• The hand of Muslims was suspected behind this fire.
• Widespread violence took place against Muslims in which nearly 1100, mostly Muslims were killed.
• Human Right Commission criticised Gujarat government’s role in failing to control violence and provided relief to victims.
• Gujarat riots show that the government machinery also becomes susceptible to passion and alert us the danger involved in using religious sentiments for political purposes.

Answer 16.
India’s Nuclear Policy :

• India advocates no first use and reiterates India’s commitment to global verifiable on non-discriminatory nuclear disarmament loading to a nuclear weapon free world.
• Pt. Nehru always promoted science and technology to build a modern India, i.e. initiated nuclear programme in the late 1940s under the guidance of Homi J. Bhaba.
• India was against nuclear weapons, hence pleaded many nuclear disarmament with superpowers.
• India always considered NPT as discriminatory and refused to sign on it.
• Even India’s first Nuclear Test in May 1974 was termed as a peaceful explosion and India argued to use nuclear power for peaceful purposes only

Answer 17.

1. The Cold War referred to the competition, the tensions and a series of confrontations between the US and Soviet Union. It never escalated into a hot war, i.e. a full-scale war between these two powers.
2. The US and USSR decided to collaborate in limiting or eliminating certain kinds of nuclear and non-nuclear weapons. A stable balance of weapon, they decided, could be maintained through ‘arms control’. Starting in the 1960s, the two sides signed significant agreements, namely, Limited Test Ban Treaty and Nuclear Non¬Proliferation Treaty.
3. The Western alliance, headed by the US, represented the ideology of liberal democracy and capitalism while the eastern alliance, headed by the Soviet Union, was committed to the ideology of socialism and communism.

Answer 18.

1. India conducted its first nuclear test on 18 May 1974. India was committed to the policy of using nuclear power only for peaceful purposes.
2. Following the Arab-Israel war of 1973, there was massive hike in the oil prices by the Arab countries. There was economic and political turmoil in India. Many agitations were on in the country. There was also a nationwide railway strike.
3. The Arab-Israel war of 1973 created the oil shock throughout the whole world. The oil prices went through the roof, and thus, this situations was responsible for high inflation in India.

Answer 19.

• The cartoon represents the methods adopted by industrialised countries to full fill their essentials from weaker sections.
• The stronger country like the USA and the weaker nation like Iraq.
• Resources are the real strength of a nation and neo-colonialism play politics to obtain it.

Answer 20.

• Congress (O) is being referred to as the ‘New Congress’.
• She focused on the growth of the public sector. She focused on the removal of disparities in income and opportunity.
• It is justified to call the ‘opposition alliance’ as the ‘Grand Alliance’ because it came into existence to make matters worse for Indira Gandhi.

Answer 21.

• Jammu and Kashmir, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Assam, Manipur, Tripura, Mysore, Andhra Pradesh.
• Rajasthan.
• Madhya Pradesh.

Answer 22.
India’s foreign policy towards the US and the USSR was two fold:

• Took particular care in staging away from the two alliances.
• Raised voice against the newly decolonised countries becoming part of these alliances.
• Moreover, India tried to reduce the differences and rivalries between these alliances from escalating into a full scale war.

Yes, this policy served India’s interests also :

1. Non-alignment allowed India to take international decisions that served India’s interests rather than interests of superpowers and its allies.
2. India maintained a balance between two superpowers as if India felt ignored by one “Superpower it could tilt towards other superpowers.
3. Neither the alliance could take India for granted.

OR

1. In Russia :

• Chechnya and Dagestan had violent secessionist movements.
• Moscow’s method to deal with Chechen rebels and indiscriminate military bombings led to many human rights violation but for deter aspirations for independence.

2. In Central Asia :

• Tajikistan witnessed a civil war that went on for ten years till 2001.
• In Azerbaijan’s provinces of Nagorno-Karobakh, some local Armeni Answer want to secede and join Armenia.
• In Georgia, the demand for independence came from two provinces resulting in a civil war.
• There are still movements against the existing regimes in Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan and Georgia.
• Even countries and provinces are fighting over river water.

3. In Eastern Europe :

• Czechoslovakia split peacefully into two with the Czechs and Slovaks, forming independent countries.
• The severe conflict took place in the Balkan republics of Yugoslavia.
• After 1991, Yugoslavia broke apart with several provinces like Croatia, Slovania, Bosnia and Herzegovina declaring independence.
• Ethnic Serbs opposed this and a massacre of non-Serbs Bosani Answer followed.
• The NATO intervention and the bombing of Yugoslavia followed inter-ethnic Civil war.

Answer 23.
‘South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation’ (SAARC) is a regional initiative among South Asian states to evolve cooperation since 1985 onwards.
Role of SAARC: It can be identified as follows :

• It consists of seven members to encourage mutual harmony and understanding.
• SAARC has initiated SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Agreement) to free trade zones for whole South Asia for collective economic security.
• SAARC has projected on economic development of its member states to reduce their dependencies on the non-regional powers.

Limitations: SAARC is growing slowly due to political differences among its member states-

• Only the conflicts led to bilateral issues as Kashmir problem between India and Pakistan.
• Some of the India’s neighbours fear that India intends to dominate them by influencing their societies and politics.
• SAARC members are from among the developing or least developing countries which creates insufficiency of funds.

OR

In September 2005, the UN celebrated its 60th anniversary and leaders decided to make the UN more relevant in the changing context by following steps:

• Creation of Peace-building Commission.
• Acceptance of the responsibility of the international community in case of failures of national governments to protect their own citizens from atrocities.
• Establishment of a Human Rights Council (operational since 19 June 2006).
• Agreements to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.
• Condemnation of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations.
• Creation of a Democracy Fund.
• An agreement to wind up the Trusteeship Council.

Answer 24.
‘Commons’ are those resources which are not owned by anyone but rather shared by a community. This could be a ‘common room’, a ‘community centre’, a park or a river. Similarly, there are some areas or regions of the world which are located outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any one state, and therefore require common governance by the international community. These are known as ‘global commons’. They include the earth’s atmosphere, Antarctica, the ocean floor and outer space.

Although environmental concerns have a long history, awareness of the environmental consequences of economic growth acquired an increasingly political character from the 1960s on wards. The Club of Rome, a global think-tank, published a book in 1972 entitled ‘Limits to Growth’, dramatising the potential depletion of the earth’s resources against the backdrop of rapidly growing world population. International agencies began holding international conferences and promoting detailed studies to get a more coordinated and effective response to environmental problems. Since then, the environment has emerged as significant issue of global politics.

The growing focus on environmental issues within the arena of global politics was firmly consolidated at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janerio, Brazil, in June, 1992. This was also called the Earth Summit. The Summit was attended by 170 states, thousands of NGOs and many multinational corporations. The Summit produced conventions dealing with climate change, biodiversity, forestry and recommended a list of development practices called ‘Agenda 21’. But.it left unresolved considerable differences and difficulties. There was a consensus on combining economic growth with ecological responsibility. This approach to development is commonly known as ‘sustainable development’.

OR

India has faced traditional (military) and non-traditional threats to its security that have emerged from within as well as outside its borders. Its security strategy has four broad components i.e.:
1. To strengthen its military capabilities :

1. India has been involved in conflict with its neighbours as Pakistan in 1947-48, 1965, 1971 and 1999 and China in 1962.
2. In South Asian Region, India is surrounded by nuclear armed countries. Hence, India’s decision to conduct nuclear test in 1998 was justified to safeguard national security.
3. India first tested nuclear device in 1974.

2. To strengthen international norms and international institutions :

1. India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru supported Asian solidarity, disarmament, decolonisation and the UN as a forum to settle down international conflict.
2. India took initiatives to bring about a universal and non-discriminatory non¬proliferation regime to enjoy some rights and obligations with respect to weapons of m’ass destruction.
3. It used non-alignment to help to carve out an area of peace outside the blocs.
4. India signed Kyoto Protocol in 1997 to be a part of roadmap for reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases to check global warming.

3. To meet security (Challenges within the country :

1. Several militant groups from areas such as Nagaland, Mizoram, Punjab, Kashmir have sought to break away from India.
2. India makes efforts to preserve national unity by adopting a democratic political system by providing freedom of speech and expression alongwith the right to vote.

4. To develop its economy :

1. India develops the way to lift vast mass of citizens out of poverty, misery and huge economic inequalities.
2. A democratically elected government is supposed to combine economic growth with human development without any demarcation between the rich and the poor.

Answer 25.

1. Role of Pt. Nehru in setting the national agenda: As the Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru exercised profound influence in the formulation and implementation of India’s foreign policy from 1946 to 1964. The three major objectives of Nehru’s foreign policy were to preserve the hard-earned sovereignty. Protect territorial integrity, and promote rapid economic development. Nehru wished to achieve these objectives through the strategy of non-alignment. There were, of course; Parties and groups in the country.
2. Role of Pt. Nehru in Afro-Asian unity: Jawaharlal Nehru envisaged a crucial role for India in world affairs and in Asian affairs especially. His era was marked by the establishment of contacts between India and other newly independent states in Asia and Africa. Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, Nehru had been an ardent advocate of Asian unity. Under his leadership, India convened the Asian Relations Conference in March 1947, five months ahead of attaining its independence, and made earnest efforts for the early realisation of freedom of Indonesia from the Dutch colonial regime by convening an international conference in 1949 to support its freedom struggle.

OR

Because :

1. Socialist credentials became main projects during this period.
2. Indira Gandhi campaigned to implement land reform legislation and land ceiling legislations.
3. She ended her dependence on other political parties by strengthening her party’s position and recommended the dissolution of Lok Sabha in December 1970.
4. The crisis in East Pakistan and Indo-Pak war to establish Bangladesh as an independent one, also enhanced the popularity of Indira Gandhi.
5. Indira Gandhi and her government was not accepted only as a protector of the poor and under privileged but as a strong government also.
6. Congress became popular among different social sections and restored dominance again.

Answer 26.

1. Due to absolute majority to party in power, leadership even dared to suspend democratic process.
2. The Constitution makers presumed to be abide by laws and democratic orders. Hence, wide and open ended powers were given to the government during Emergency.
3. A tension and differences arose between institution based democracy and democracy based on spontaneous popular participation.
4. It was attributed to incapability of party system to incorporate aspirations of the people.
5. For the first time, opposition parties came together to form a new party ‘Janata Party’ not to divide the non-Congress votes.
6. 1977 elections brought an end to one party dominance and created coalition government.

OR

The Naxalites were the Marxist and Leninist agricultural workers of Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar and adjoining areas which organised massive agitation against economic injustice and inequality and demanded redistribution of land to cultivators. Conditions responsible for the growth of Naxalite Movement in India:

A peasant uprising took place in the Naxalbari police station area of Darjeeling hills district in West Bengal in 1967. This movement spread very fast to several states and was known as the Naxalite movement. A new party known as the CPI-ML was formed under the leadership of Charu Majumdar. Presently, 83 districts across 10 states (as of July 2011) are affected by Naxalite violence. Most of these are backward areas inhabited by Adivasis. In these areas, the share croppers, under-tenants and small cultivators are denied their basic rights with regard to security to tenure or their share in produce, payment of fair wages, etc. Forced labour, expropriation of resource by outsiders and exploitation by money lenders are also common in these areas. These conditions led to the growth of the Naxalite movement.

Role in Indian Politics :

1. Naxalite did not participate in the elections formally but these were actively associated with parties. Some of these parties such as CPI-ML participated in democratic politics.
2. Naxalites ensured a better representation of demands of deprived social sections in party politics.
3. These movements retained associations or relations along with the political parties either as an individual or as an organisations.

Answer 27.
Sardar Sarovar Project in Gujarat is a multipurpose mega scale dam. It was launched in Narmada valley of central India in the early phase of 1980. Its advocates say that it would benefit huge areas of Gujarat and the three adjoining states in terms of availability of drinking water and water for irrigation, generation of electricity and increase in agricultural production. The project consisted of 30 big dams, 135 medium sized and around 3,000 small dams to be constructed on the Narmada and its tributaries that flow across three states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh was another important and biggest, multipurpose dam planned under the project.
Narmada Bachao movement opposed the construction of these dams to save Narmada river and questioned the nature of ongoing developmental projects in the country.

OR

Jammu and Kashmir comprised of three regions :

• Kashmir region is Kashmir valley consisting Kashmir speaking and mostly Muslim with a Kashmir speaking Hindu minority.
• Jammu region consists of Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and speakers of various languages, in the areas of foothills and plains.
• Ladakh region is equally divided between Buddhists and Muslims and maintains a little population area.

These internal divisions led to multiple regional aspirations :

• One strand of separatist to demand a separate Kashmiri nation independent of India and Pakistan.
• Some other groups want Kashmir to be merged with Pakistan.
• Third strand wants a greater autonomy for people of state within Indian Union.
• The demand for intra-state autonomy is as strong as the demand for the state autonomy.

In present scenario, most of the separatist in dialogue are trying to re-negotiate a relationship of state with India.

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